Oecd 2007 broadband penetration europe

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Abstract: This paper analyses the fixed broadband penetration effect on Latin American economic growth. The methodology employed consists of using a simultaneous equation model based on Koutroumpis and Katz and Callorda The results obtained stress the importance of broadband penetration for economic growth in Latin America. Keywords: Broadband, economic growth, Latin America. Technological revolutions have reconfigured the industrial production and became an instrument for economic growth in the long term. ICT have some advantageous characteristics such as: a low trading cost of goods and services, which leads to gains through specialization, scale economies and comparative advantages Harris, ; b low transaction costs and efficient information management, with complementary organisational changes and skills training; c positive network effects as the value of ICT increases with the number of users; d efficient control of distribution channels and reduced inventory holdings, and e fast and efficient reallocation of inputs. These ambiguous results have promoted the development of a more disaggregated analysis using micro level data.

Turkey has throughout history been prominent as a center of commerce because of its land connections to the continents of Europe, Asia and Africa and the sea surrounding it on three sides An Organization for Economic Cooperation OECD member, it has been awaiting European Union EU membership since As an upper-middle-income economy, Turkey suffers from comparison with these mainly high-income groupings. Its fixed broadband penetration stood at 9. These statistics disguise the fact that, compared to other countries in its income group, Turkey is doing relatively well. E-government initiatives have been a major driving force for development of the broadband ecosystem.

Resolving digital divides also matters in the context of the SDGs. The following briefing offers an overview the issues at stake and, from there, three key policy areas where government would need to take action: i public investment to close infrastructural gaps, ii targeting affordability through lowering of prices and iii developing skills sets and digital literacy. Digital divides refer to the unequal access or lack of access to information and communication technology ICT across countries, regions or certain sections of the society like low-income earners, rural populations, women, youth or migrants. The global digital divide refers to the technological gap between developed and developing countries.