Head and neck facial

The facial artery is a branch of the external carotid artery that supplies the anatomic structures of the superficial face. The facial artery arises from the carotid triangle which is formed by the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle, the sternocleidomastoid, and the posterior belly of the digastric. The facial artery originates deep to the platysma and quickly becomes superficial. The tortuous course of this artery allows for more stretch during facial actions such as mastication. As it courses on the face , the vessel travels deep to the posterior belly of the digastric and stylohyoid muscles. It then continues along the posterior surface of the submandibular gland.

It may affect one or both sides of the face, resulting in facial drooping, watery eyes, incomplete eye closure, or sagging of the brow and cheek. Facial paralysis is caused by damage to the nerves that allow for movement of the facial muscles. This damage can result from inflammation, tumors, infection, stroke, trauma, surgery, or underlying medical conditions and neurological disorders. Bilateral Palsy, however, more likely a result of an underlying neurological issue. The most common causes of facial paralysis on both sides of the face are infections e. Lyme Disease, meningitis , autoimmune disorders e. Sarcoidosis , hereditary disorders e.

It seems that you're in Germany. We have a dedicated site for Germany. Editors: Ferneini , E. This multi-authored, multi-institutional, and multi-specialty based text is designed to inform and refresh practitioners who perform facial cosmetic surgery. Divided into three distinct sections for ease of use, the first section focuses exclusively on localized anesthesia for each region of the head and neck.

NCBI Bookshelf. Katherine E. Westbrook ; Trevor A. Nessel ; Matthew Varacallo. Authors Katherine E.